بررسی زمینه‌های تقلب علمی در دانشجویان و ارائه راهکارهای بازدارنده

نویسندگان
1 دانشیار گروه معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
2 دانشجوی روابط بین الملل، گروه حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خوراسگان، ایران.
3 دکترای جامعه شناسی سیاسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: تقلب علمی یکی از پدیده‌های جدید فضای آکادمیک در ایران است که ابعاد و انواع مختلفی را در برمی‌گیرد؛ بنابراین شناخت و ریشه‌یابی آن، مسئله این پژوهش است. براین‌اساس هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر، بررسی زمینه و مولفه‌های نهادی و فردی تأثیرگذار بر شکل‌گیری تقلب علمی در ایران و ارائه راهکارهای سیاستی توسط تصمیم‌گیران است.

روش پژوهش: روش پژوهش حاضر، توصیفی از نوع کیفی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل ۱۵ نفر از خبرگان دانشگاهی است که به روش قضاوتی و گلوله‌برفی انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمعآوری دادهها را پرسش‌نامه محقق ساخته است که طی سه مرحله (به شیوه رفت‌وبرگشت) شاخصیابی با استفاده از فن دلفی، تکمیل شد و اعتباریابی الگوی مفهومی پژوهش با بهرهگیری از نظر خبرگان صورت پذیرفت.

نتایج: یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که عوامل مؤثر بر بروز تقلب در دانشگاه‌های ایران شامل دو دسته مؤلفه فردی و سیستمی و ۲۱ شاخص مرتبط با این مؤلفه‌ها است. عوامل فردی مربوط به ویژگیهای ذاتی و شخصیتی دانشجویان ازجمله: نداشتن ایده، عدم توانایی مدیریت زمان، عدم احساس گناه، کمبود بعضی مهارتها و همچنین بعضی نواقص در اساتید از جمله: دانش ناکافی، عدم ایجاد انگیزه کافی در بین دانشجویان و غیره است. عوامل سیستمی یا نهادی نیز بیشتر ناشی از قوانین ناقص و ناکافی دانشگاهها، آموزش نامناسب این مراکز و عدم توجه کافی به مقوله کپی‌برداری و سرقت علمی است.

نتیجه‌گیری: در پایان بر اساس هر دو دسته مؤلفه تأثیرگذار فردی و سیستمی، راهکارهایی به شکل عملی برای مقابله با تقلب علمی در دانشگاه‌ها ارائه داده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Examining the fields of plagiarism in students and providing preventive solutions

نویسندگان English

Abdol Mutalib Abdullah 1
Somayeh Mokhtari 2
farhad navaee 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Islamic Education, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran
2 Khorasgan Department
3 tehran university
چکیده English

Introduction: plagiarism is one of the new phenomena in the academic environment in Iran, which includes different dimensions and types. So, its recognition and rooting are the problems of this research. Therefore, the main goal of the current research is to investigate the context and institutional and individual factors affecting the formation of plagiarism in Iran and provide policy solutions by decision-makers.

Methods: The current research method is descriptive qualitative. The statistical population of the research includes 15 university experts who were selected by judgment and snowball method. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire, which was completed during three stages (in a round-trip way) of indexing using the Delphi technique, and the validation of the conceptual model of the research was done using experts' opinions.

Results: The findings of the research showed that the factors affecting the occurrence of plagiarism in universities in Iran include two categories of individual and systemic components and 21 indicators related to these components. Individual factors related to the inherent personality characteristics of students such as lack of ideas, inability to manage time, lack of guilt, lack of some skills, and also some deficiencies in professors such as insufficient knowledge, lack of motivation among students, etc. Systemic or institutional factors are mostly due to incomplete and insufficient laws of universities, inappropriate training of these centers, and lack of attention to plagiarism and plagiarism.

Conclusion: In the end, based on both individual and systemic effective components, practical solutions have been presented to deal with plagiarism in universities.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Scientific fraud
Individual Factors
Institutional Factors
Copyright
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