معناشناسی کارناپ و کاربست آن در بازیابی آنتولوژیک اطلاعات

نویسندگان
طاهر نصیری 1
نصرت ریاحی نیا 1
نرگس نشاط 2
مهدی شقاقی 3
رسول رسولی پور 4
1 دانشگاه خوارزمی،تهران، ایران
2 کتابخانه ملی و مرکز اسناد جمهوری اسلامی ایران، تهران، ایران
3 دانشگاه شهیدبهشتی، تهران، ایران
4 دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
هدف: هدف این پژوهش شناسایی و تبیین نظریه‌های معنایی و نحوی رودلف رودلف کارناپ و اهمیت آن در توسعۀ نظری و عملی هستی‏‌شناسی‌ها جهت بازیابی مؤثر اطلاعات است.

روش پژوهش:‏ از آن‌جا که پژوهش حاضر بر آن است تا نظریۀ معناشناسی کارناپ را مورد نقد و بررسی قرار دهد و نقاط مثبت و موثر نظریه معناشناسی را برای بازیابی مطلوب اطلاعات مبتنی بر هستی­‌شناسی­‌ها نشان دهد، لذا استفاده از روش پژوهش فلسفی اجتناب‎ناپذیر است. پژوهش فلسفی هم می‌تواند رویکرد «تحلیل مفهومی» و هم رویکرد «نظرورزانه» داشته باشد. رویکرد پژوهش حاضر، تحلیل مفهومی و از نوع پژوهش های کیفی است. جامعۀ پژوهش شامل همه کتاب‏‌ها و مقالات منتشر شده‏ توسط رودلف کارناپ در حوزه‏ معناشناسی و نیز، هستی‌شناسی‌هایی است که برای بازیابی موثر اطلاعات به‎کار می‎روند.

یافته ‏ها: از رویکردهای قیاسی رودلف کارناپ نسبت به مسئلۀ معنا می‌توان برای بازیابی اطلاعات متنی منابع، و از رویکردهای استقرایی او برای ساخت نظام‌های هستی‌شناسی حوزه‌های علوم تجربی بهره برد. قواعد نظام معناشناسی رودلف کارناپ، از قبیل قواعد طبقه‌بندی نشانه‌ها، قواعد تشکیل صوری زبان، قواعد دلالت‌های معنایی، قواعد ارزش، قواعد تعین، قواعد صدق، قواعد انتخاب و قواعد استنباط می‌تواند در ساختار هستی‏‌شناسی‌‏ها مورد بهره‌برداری قرار گیرد. همچنین، قواعد انتخاب و قواعد ربط در معناشناسی کارناپ، برای توسعه بازیابی اطلاعات در هستی‏‌شناسی‏‌ها سودمند است. کاربست نظام نشانه‌شناسی، نحوی و صوری معناشناسی کارناپ به ویژه به دقت و جامعیت بازیابی اطلاعات در هستی‌شناسی‌ها یاری می‏‌رساند.

نتیجه‏ گیری: کاربست نظام معناشناسی کارناپ در ساختار هستی‌‏شناسی‏‌ها به توسعه نظری و عملی هستی‏‌شناسی‌‏ها یاری می‌‏رساند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
هستی‌شناسی
معناشناسی
معنا
بازیابی اطلاعات
رودولف کارناپ
مطالعه انتقادی

عنوان مقاله English

Carnapean Modal Semantics and its Implications for Ontology-Based Information Retrieval

نویسندگان English

taher nasiri 1
nosrat riahinia 1
narges neshat 2
mehdi shaghaghi 3
rasol rasoli por 4
1 Faculty of Psychology and Education, Kharazmi Uni versity, Tehran, Iran.
2 National Library and Archives, Tehran, Iran
3 Faculty of Psychology and Education, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Faculty of Literature and humanities, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to identify and explain the Rudolf Carnap’s semantical and syntactical theories and its role on the theoretical and practical improvement of ontologies for the effective information retrieval.

Methodology: Since the present study aims to survey Carnap’s semantics theory and shows the positive and effective points of semantic theory for the effective information retrieval based on ontologies, so the use of philosophical research method is inevitable. Philosophical research can have both "conceptual analysis" and "speculative" methods. The method that used in this research is conceptual analysis and its type is Qualitative methods. The research community includes all books and articles published by Rudolf Carnap in the field of semantics and the properties of ontological tools for the effective information retrieval.

Findings: This study shows that Rudolf Carnap's deductive approaches to the problem of meaning can be used to develop ontologies for retrieval of textual information of resources and Rudolf Carnap's inductive approaches can be used to construct ontological systems in the field of experimental sciences. the rules of Rudolf Carnap's semantic system, such as the rules of classification of signs, the rules of formation of language, the rules of designation, the rules of value, the rules of determination, the rules of truth, The rules of selection and the rules of inference can be used in the structure of ontologies. Also, the rules of selection and the rules of relevance in Rudolf Carnap's semantic system are useful for the development of information retrieval in ontologies. the application of Carnap’s semiotic, syntax and semantics improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of information retrieval in ontologies.

Conclusion: The application of the Carnap semantic system in the structure of ontologies contributes to the theoretical and practical development of ontologies.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

ontology
semantics
Rudolf Carnap
Information retrieval
Historical - critical study
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تعامل انسان و اطلاعات
دوره 8، شماره 3
پاییز 1400
صفحه 1-18