شناسایی و دسته‌بندی خودکار دستگاه‌ها و گوشه‌های موسیقی سنتی ایرانی: بررسی تحلیلی و تطبیقیِ پژوهش‌های انجام شده (پیشرفت‌ها و کاستی‌ها)

نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه خوارزمی
2 دانشگاه شاهد
3 دانشگاه آزاد واحد تهران مرکز
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: شناسایی و دسته‌بندی خودکار دستگاه‌ها و گوشه‌های موسیقی سنتی ایرانی، که بیش از یک دهه توجه پژوهشگران را به خود جلب کرده است، یکی از شاخه‌های حوزه بازیابی اطلاعات موسیقی محسوب می‌شود. گفتارِ حاضر با هدف مرور پژوهش‌های انجام شده در این حوزه و نیز تحلیلِ مسائل، رویکردها و موانعِ پیش رو انجام شده است.

روش پژوهش: رویکرد پژوهش، از نوع تحلیل محتوا و شیوۀ گردآوردی داده‌ها، بر اساس مطالعه اسنادی- کتابخانه‌ای بوده است.

یافته‌ها: اصلی‌ترین محدودیت‌ها و دلایل ناکارآمدی پژوهش‌های این حوزه را می‌توان ناشی از انجام پژوهش‌ها به صورت موازی و مجزّا، نبودِ پایگاه داده منسجم برای موسیقی ایرانی و نداشتنِ دانش کافی پژوهشگران از مبانی نظری موسیقی سنتی ایرانی دانست.

نتیجه‌گیری: بطورکلی، دو رویکردِ ماکرو و میکرو را می‌توان برای پژوهش‌های مرتبط با شناسایی خودکار موسیقی ایرانی متصور شد. عمده پژوهش‌هایی که تا کنون منتشر شده‌اند با رویکردِ ماکرو بوده و در آن صرفاً بر اساس اِشِل صوتیِ پنج دستگاهِ اصلی، سعی در تفکیک و شناسایی خودکارِ این دستگاه‌ها از یکدیگر داشته‌اند. از آنجا که تقسیم‌بندیِ دستگاه‌ها از اصالت لازم برخوردار نبوده و در این خصوص بینِ نظریه‌پردازان و موسیقی‌دان‌ها، از نظر تعداد دستگاه و مرزِ بین آنها اتفاق نظر وجود ندارد، انجامِ پژوهش‌هایی با رویکردِ میکرو، که در آن تأکید بر شناسایی خودکارِ گوشه‌ها بر اساسِ بررسی سیرِ ملودیِ جمله‌های مُعرّف هر گوشه است، پیشنهاد شده است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Automatic Identification and Classification of the Iranian Traditional Music Scales (Dastgāh) and Melody Models (Gusheh): Analytical and Comparative Review on Conducted Research

نویسندگان English

Amir Vafaeian 1
Keivan Borna 1
Hamed Sajedi 2
Dariush Alimohammadi 1
Pouya Sarai 3
1 Kharazmi University
2 shahed University
3 Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch
چکیده English

Background and Aim: Automatic identification and classification of the Iranian traditional music scales (Dastgāh) and melody models (Gusheh) has attracted the attention of the researchers for more than a decade. The current research aims to review conducted researches on this area and consider its different approached and obstacles.

Method: The research approach is content analysis and data collection method is based on the documentary-library study.

Results: Findings indicated that the main obstacles and reasons for the inefficiency of this area researches are due to performing the researches in parallel and individually, lack of a coherent dataset for Iranian traditional music and also, lack of researcher’s knowledge of the theoretical foundations of Iranian traditional music.

Conclusion: It could be considered two main approaches for researches in automatic identification of the Iranian traditional music. The major researches has been published until now, is conducted based on Macro approach, which merely considers the scales of five Dastgāhs in distinguishing them from each other. Since Dastgāhs division does not have enough authenticity and there is no consensus on the number of Dastgāhs and their boundaries among the Iranian music theorists, Micro approach has been suggested for future researches, which tries to identify short melody models (Gushehs) based of melody sequences of representative phrase of the Gusheh.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Iranian Traditional Music
Iranian Music Repertoire
Melody Model (Gusheh)
Music Information Retrieval
Automatic Identification of Music
Algorithm of Dastgāh Identification
Music Feature Extraction
Classifier
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